HUMAN-ANIMAL BOND AND HEALTHY AGING

BENEFITS OF ANIMALASSISTED INTERVENTIONS IN OLDER ADULTS

Abstract

Population aging has been accompanied by an increase in neurodegenerative diseases, emotional disorders, and conditions associated with social isolation among older
adults, necessitating complementary care strategies. In this context, Animal-Assisted Interventions (AAIs) emerge as promising therapeutic approaches for promoting mental health and well-being in the elderly population. This study is an integrative literature review aimed at analyzing the effects of AAIs on cognitive, emotional, social, and physical aspects in older adults. The analyzed studies showed that AAIs can reduce anxiety, depression, apathy, and loneliness, while promoting socialization, affective bonding, and quality of life. Cognitive benefits were also observed in patients with cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease, including improved memory, attention, and therapeutic engagement. Furthermore, dog- and horse-assisted interventions yielded positive effects on mobility, functionality, and motivation in patients with Parkinson's disease and post-stroke, potentially favoring neuroplasticity mechanisms. In conclusion, AAIs represent a relevant complementary strategy for promoting healthy aging and integral health in the older adult population.